![]() However, there the altitude ranges from the 2,428 metres of Peñalara and the 430 metres of the Alberche river when it leaves Villa del Prado into the province of Toledo. Most of province lies between 600 and 1,000 m above sea level. More specifically, the exact position of Madrid is 3° 40´ of longitude west of Greenwich, England, and 40° 23´ north of the equator. Province of Madrid occupies a surface area of approximately 8,028 km 2 (3,100 sq mi) (1.6% of all Spanish territory). This autonomous community also includes the exclave of Dehesa de la Cepeda (part of the municipality of Santa María de la Alameda), a mostly open-area geographically located between the provinces of Ávila and Segovia in the autonomous community of Castile and León. The Iberian ibex ( Capra pyrenaica) in La Pedriza The Tagus passes through the southern border of the Autonomy in its path west toward the Atlantic Ocean, draining the waters of the Jarama River (collecting in turn the waters of the Lozoya, the Guadalix, the Manzanares, the Henares and the Tajuña), the Alberche and the Guadarrama in the Community. This autonomous community is located in the basin of the Tagus River. First, by the western side, it borders the " Sistema Central" (the Guadarrama mountain range), the southern border features a protrusion following the Tagus River in order to include the royal site of Aranjuez in the region the eastern edge of the triangle comes from the rupture of the fluvial river basins. When looking at a map of the province of Madrid, it can be seen that it is almost an equilateral triangle, in whose center would be the city. Peñalara: the Guadarrama mountain range's highest peak Taking advantage of the orography, there are several reservoirs and local dams, with the Santillana reservoir being the largest. The recent possible detection of the existence of Iberian lynx in the area between the Cofio and Alberche rivers is testament to the biodiversity of the area. The Lozoya Valley supports a large black (monk) vulture colony, and one of the last bastions of the Spanish imperial eagle in the world is found in the Park Regional del Suroeste in dehesa hills between the Gredos and Guadarrama ranges. The slopes of the Guadarrama mountain range are cloaked in dense forests of Scots pine and Pyrenean oak. Madrid is home to mountain peaks rising above 2,000 m, holm oak dehesas and low-lying plains. Geography Relief map of the Community of Madridĭespite the existence of a large city of 5 million people, the Community of Madrid still retains some remarkably unspoiled and diverse habitats and landscapes. In addition, the Montejo Beech Forest is part of the transnational Ancient and Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and Other Regions of Europe world heritage site. It contains four World Heritage Sites: the Monastery and Royal Site of El Escorial, the university and historic centre of Alcalá de Henares, the cultural landscape of Aranjuez and the Paseo del Prado and Buen Retiro park in Madrid City. The climate is generally temperate, ranging from mediterranean to semi-arid, except in the Central System highlands. The Community of Madrid is almost entirely comprised in the Tagus Basin, from the Central System ( Sistema Central) reliefs in the north and northwest to the Tagus River bed in the southern border. ![]() Madrid's economy is highly tertiarised, having a leading role in Spain's logistics and transportation. Madrid has both the largest nominal GDP, slightly ahead of that of Catalonia, and the highest GDP per capita in the country. It is also the most densely populated autonomous community. The Community of Madrid is the third most populous in Spain with 6,825,005 (2022) inhabitants, roughly a seventh of the national total, mostly concentrated in the metropolitan area of Madrid. Its limits are those of the province of Madrid, which was until then conventionally included in the historical region of New Castile ( Castilla la Nueva). It was formally created in 1983, in order to address the particular status of the City of Madrid as the national capital city and in urban hierarchy. The Community of Madrid is bounded to the south and east by Castilla–La Mancha and to the north and west by Castile and León. Its capital and largest municipality is the City of Madrid, which is also the capital of the country. It is located in the centre of the Iberian Peninsula, and of the Central Plateau ( Meseta Central). The Community of Madrid ( Spanish: Comunidad de Madrid ⓘ) is one of the seventeen autonomous communities of Spain.
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